In our International Aquafeed predator series we have explored the dangers that both seals and sharks pose to the aquaculture industry, but complications do not arise just from species that dwell underwater. Many fish farmers will be familiar with the difficulties that arise when birds prey on your fish. Luckily, there are many useful methods to mitigate the damage birds can enact on your farm.
One particularly troublesome species of bird for fish farmers is the cormorant (Phalacrocoracidae). There are two specific species of bird belonging to the cormorant family, the cormorant and the shag. Both can be distinguished by their reptilian appearance, as a result of their long necks and powerful beaks. Cormorants in the Northern Hemisphere tend to exhibit dark plumage whilst those in the Southern Hemisphere are typically black and white in colour. These large water birds are very adept fishers and eagerly feast on many fish that are farmed around the world. Their powerful feel propel them to depths of up to 45 metres (150 ft) and they pluck fish from the water with lightning speed.
Cormorants can grow up to 100cm tall with an impressive wingspan of up to 160cm. They will typically weigh between 2.1-2.5kg. This species of bird can be found throughout a variety of regions, taking roost in wetlands, urban and suburban areas as well as in marine and intertidal spaces. Historically, this species was predominantly found in coastal habitats, but this shift to urban areas was exhibited as a response to the increased availability of fish closer inland. Cormorants are especially prevalent in the UK and central Europe. The great cormorant (P. carbo) and common shag (P. aristotelis) are especially common subspecies of these birds found in Europe. Cormorants can be found in most countries, with the exception of central Pacific islands.
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The Aquaculturists
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